Final Report of BeJamDetect Project 
3. Demonstrator 1 
3.1 Hardware used 
The demonstrator makes use of a 7-element antenna array shown in Figure 3-1. Each of the array 
alement is designed to receive GNSS signals in GPS and Galileo frequency bands L1/E1 and L5/E5a, 
zorrespondingly. On the array, six of the antennas are disposed in a circular fashion, numbered 
from 1 to 6 in counter-clockwise sense and evenly spaced by 60° of rotation angle between each 
other. The 7th array element is placed at the top of the array. This element has the radiation pattern 
with small antenna gain at low elevations which is similar to the pattern of a typical GNSS antenna. 
The acquisition and tracking results obtained with the signal from this element can therefore be 
seen as representative to a standard single-antenna GNSS receiver and serve as a reference in the 
oerformance analysis. 
3a) side view 
b) top view 
Figure 3-1: Antenna array used by Demonstrators 1 and 3 
The frequency response of a single antenna element of the array is shown in Figure 3-2. The 
reception characteristics of the array elements have been measured in an anechoic chamber, the 
corresponding diagrams are shown in Figure 3-3. 
— 
24 
0 
„el 
. | 
z 10 
5 
11T 
X. 
75 
ı5a 
5b 
E1 
RHCP 
Im HCP 
5 
1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 
Frequency [GHz] 
Figure 3-2: Frequency response of a single array element for a signal arriving from zenith 
Title: Final Report 
Version: 1.0