General Development of the G.H.I. during 1959 
- Seite 81 - 
Contributions to the Pilots Iceland; Mediterranean, Part I; Skagerrack 
and Kattegat, Part I; West Coast of Africa, Part I, dealing with hydro 
graphic conditions (currents, nature of the bottom, geomagnetism, ice) 
were in part completed, in part commenced. Data of magnetic variations 
and of local magnetic anomalies as well as on the nature of the bottom 
were placed at the disposal of the Chart Establishment for the revision 
of charts. 
Included in the Ice Service were the waters round. Greenland, therewith 
a growing requirement could be met. 
She Geomagnetic Observatory Wingst could extend the international co 
operation, the exchange of the results, the field stations in Northwest 
Germany within the compass of the IGY and URSI service for forecasts of 
ionospheric conditions. 
Theoretical investigations into the horizontal spreading and mixing 
processes in the sea, as well as into a theoretically founded ice forecast 
were continued. 
The methods developed in the past years for the representation of maritime 
tides were extended so that tides and superposed processes of an unknown 
nature can be accurately separated now. Such questions arise for instance 
if tidal streams are to be separated from ocean currents of changing direc 
tion and rate. The method proved to be helpful with the difficulties which 
the international symposium on earth tides (Trieste) encountered in inter 
preting the observations made during the International Geophysical Year on. 
earth tides. 
All observations made during the International Geophysical Year by the 
time service were processed, if not done already, compiled and forwarded 
to the central agencies at Paris, Moscow and Washington. According to the 
results of the year 1957, the central evaluation of which is now available, 
Germany has taken the first place amongst 38 participating nations as regards 
accuracy of the determination and preservation of time. 
With the beginning of the year under review the nightly transmission 
of time' signals of seconds for geodetic purposes, so far mutually given 
by the ''Bundespost" and the "Phyaikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt" on a 
trial basis, are now transmitted officially. 
After the necessary constructional changes in the building which is 
located in the Hamburg Stadtpark, housing the zenit telescope, the 70 mm 
transit instrument, which was generally overhauled and fitted with new 
axial plugs, could be installed in the room facing north. 
The testing of ship's chronometers and of other chronometers was carried 
out by the testing service to about the same extent as in the preceding year.