De 
T. Spangehl et al.: Intercomparing the quality of recent reanalyses for offshore wind farm planning 
when compared to observations. A similar behaviour is ev- 
‚dent for MAM. Here the observations show maximum 0Oc- 
currences at sector E and sector SW. The maximum at sec- 
:or SW seen in observations is shifted to sector WSW in 
all model-based products. The maximum at sector E is cap- 
ured by the model-based products though slightly underes- 
imated. This underestimation goes along with slightly too 
frequent occurrences of wind directions in sector ESE. In 
JJA the observations show a clear maximum at sector WSW. 
Here only COSMO-REA6 shows maximum occurrences at 
che same sector. In CERRA and HoKliSim-De this maximum 
is shifted to sector W. In DJF observations show maximum 
occurrences at sector SSW. A similar maximum is apparent 
in COSMO-REA6 and HoKliSim-De. In ERAS this maxi- 
mum is shifted to sector SW. The seasonal variations shown 
(Fig. Al) are similarly represented by marine observations 
{ships, buoys, platforms) for the North Sea (Bundesamt für 
Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie, 2023a). 
FINO1, 102 m, 2004 - 2008, DJF 
1} 
REAS @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2009, DJF 
+ 
Bu 
ERAS @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2009, DJF 
& 
ZERRA @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2009. DJF 
v 
rn 
= 
HoKIl @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2008, DJF 
FINO1, 102 m, 2004 - 2008, MAM 
FINO1, 102 m, 2004 - 2008, JJA 
m BE SO 
re 
%r 
REAG @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2009, MAM 
REAS @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2009, JA 
Y 
\ 
ZRAS @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2009, MAM ERAS @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2009, JJA 
E 
N 
vn 
Kr 
7ERRA @F1, 100 m. 2004 - 2009, MAM CERRA @F1, 100 +1. 2004 - "009, JA 
Br 
Fi _ 
= 
% 
4oKII @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2008, MAM 
HoKll @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2008, JA 
"I 
& 
FINO1, 102 m, 2004 - 2009, SON 
— 
IEAG @F1, 100 m. 2004 - 2009. 8ON 
ERAS @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2009, SON 
ERRA @F1, 100 m, 204 - 2009, SOR 
40KI @F1, 100 m, 2004 - 2009, SON 
Figure A1. Wind rose of hourly wind speed and direction at FINO1 for heights at or near 100 m. Results are shown for seasons (column 1 
co 4 panels) DJF, MAM, JJA and SON. First row panels show results obtained from hourly FINO1 measurements (10 min averages) of wind 
speed at 102m and wind direction at 91 m. Consequtive rows show results at FINO1 grid points of model-based products (row 2 panels) 
COSMO-REAG, (row 3 panels) ERA5, (row 4 panels CERRA-fc and (row 5 panels) HoKliSim-De. The time period is 2004-2009 
Adv. Sci. Res., 20, 109-128, 202 
https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-20-109-2023