N° 7 2021 
Table of Contents 
Foreword 
Executive summary 
L.. Introduction and scope 
Advances in knowledge of anthropogenic underwater sound in the Ocean 
2.1 Background on sound 
2.2 Today’s Ocean soundscape 
2.3 Monitoring spatial distribution of anthropogenic noise 
2.4 Trends in Ocean noise 
Advances in knowledge of the effects of noise on marine animals 
3.1 Hearing in marine animals 
3.2 Effects of noise 
Addressing the issue of underwater noise 
4.1 Regulations and other drivers 
4.1.1 International 
4.1.2 Regional 
4.1.3 National 
4.2 Environmental impact assessments of underwater noise 
4.3 Mitigating the effects of underwater noise 
4.4 Emerging technologies and methods 
4.4.1 Exposure assessment 
4.4.2 Dose-response assessment 
4.4.3 Overall risk characterization and management 
Key evidence gaps, barriers and actions to the management of underwater noise 
6. List of the most urgent priority actions/questions 
References 
List of abbreviations 
Annex I: Members of the European Marine Board Working Group on Underwater Noise 
Annex 2: Assessment of prioritization of issues 
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