MERCATOR OCEAN JOURNA: 
SEPTEMBER 2021 
For Oxygen, on the other hand, concentrations are 
compared with the calculated maximum saturation of 
oxygen in seawater relative to the atmosphere (allowing 
for over-saturation in the upper ocean). In addition, there is 
a regional range test based on statistics within each region 
separated into 2 layers. Any data points that are above 
100% saturation (but allowing for over-saturation in the 
surface layer) are rejected and flagged as '4 - bad’ data. 
Moreover, any data points that fall outside regional ranges 
are visually inspected before having its final quality flag 
jdecided. Oxygen product is available either with data 
acquisition unit, or in umol/L for modelers, or in UHmol/kg 
for oceanic application and monitoring purposes. 
For Nutrients, a profile test is applied in addition to a 
statistics-based regional range test. The profile test 
identifies where the concentration in the surface layer 
axceeds the concentration at intermediate depths. Then, all 
profiles that fail the profile test are visually inspected 
before a final quality flag is applied. Note that the profile 
test is only applied in pelagic (non-coastal) regions to avoid 
potential impact of runoff from land. 
1.2.6 Carbon 
ın 2019, In Situ TAC started to integrate Inorganic Carbon 
data and products in the Copernicus Marine Service 
catalogue as global carbon NRT and REP products. The 
carbon REP In Situ product contains Surface Ocean CO, 
Atlas (SOCAT) and Global Ocean Data Analysis Project 
(GLODAP) community data that contribute to a total over 
30 million observations, covering more than six decades. 
SOCAT is a synthesis activity of quality-controlled global 
surface ocean fugacity of carbon dioxide with contributions 
from more than 100 international marine carbon scientists. 
A new version of the product (an observations synthesis 
and four gridded datasets with monthly, annual and 
decadal averages, plus a 0.25-degree monthly average 
only for coastal areas) is released annually. 
GLODAP includes inorganic carbon Essential Ocean 
Yariables (Dissolved Inorganic Carbon, Total Alkalinity and 
pH), plus salinity, oxygen and nutrients data from the ocean 
interior collected on research cruises. Extensive quality 
control and subsequent calibration and adjustments to 
ensure internal consistency are carried out to generate the 
product. Observations data synthesis and gridded 
climatologies from GLODAPv2 (generated in 2016) were 
the first version included in the CMEMS catalogue. 
The generation of the carbon NRT product relies on ICOS 
Untegrated Carbon Observation System) Ocean Thematic 
Centre efforts. A state-of-the-art online-hosted software, 
QuinCe, is under development to perform automatic data 
reduction and quality control. At this stage, QuinCe handles 
surface fugacity of carbon dioxide and distributes 
automatically quality-controlled NRT data from ICOS 
stations with NRT transmission capabilities. The quality 
control procedures follow those of SOCAT. Efforts are 
underway to include other inorganic carbon variables (pH) 
and sources (EMODnet-chemistry, GOA-ON, FerryBox). 
2. STATUS AT THE END 
OF COPERNICUS MARINE 1 
The main goal of the In Situ TAC is to collect in situ data, as 
much as possible, with the ultimate target of providing to 
users all possible data aggregated in the products. 
Succeeding in such a complex task depends on In Situ TAC 
activity but also on the support and engagement of 
abservation providers. Thus, a clear strategy was followed 
during the last decade: offering more benefits to attract 
new providers by showing them that sharing data with In 
Situ TAC has many advantages. The most obvious is the 
increase of data visibility when included in the In Situ TAC 
as Copernicus Marine Service Is one of the cutting-edge 
data services in Europe and one of the main sources of 
marine data used by the scientific community. It is on this 
proactive feedback to providers that In Situ TAC nowadays 
give them useful metrics. These last developments also 
allow In Situ TAC to become a warning entity about 
cemporal unavailability, incorrect positions and other data 
problems of the providers’ day-to-day operative. 
ın addition, a policy of networking is applied to propagate 
data to other important portals like SeaDataNet or 
EMODnet. Based on the EuroG0O0OS RO0Ses approach, the 
In Situ TAC went a step further in this collaboration by 
establishing 3 Memorandum of Understanding with these 
main European data integrators. Indeed, the three groups 
agreed to join their efforts to develop a FAIR (Findable 
Accessible Interoperable Reusable) European data 
landscape for in situ observations and to enable an efficient 
service to a broader range of users. Such progress has 
been spread in the Atlantic community through the 
AtlantOS project and is further developed in the ENVRI- 
FAIR H2020 project. Details can be found in the common 
SeaDataNet, EMODnet and CMEMS White Paper “Ocean 
FAIR data Services” (Tanhua, Pouliquen et al., 2019). These 
FAIR principles are now under implementation in severaı 
marine European Infrastructure Research Consortium 
\ERIC) to ease the data flow access with EMODnet and 
Zopernicus Marine Service. 
he first main achievement of In Situ TAC was to produce 
nomogeneous data. This was a big challenge considering 
the multi-source and multi-platform nature of the data and 
how heterogenousthey could be initially. This homogenization 
process has always been based on up-to-date conventions 
and standards. Due to the growing quantity of data being 
integrated, it has become a continuous activity and the 
resulting reference documents are reviewed regularly.