126

Appendices

Standby  Power  Supply
When  standby  power  is  being  used,  standby  power  units  replace  the  general  electric  power
grid  (onshore  grid  connection)  in  order  to  ensure  the  power  requirements  of  the  offshore  substation ­
  are  met.  Furthermore,  if  the  power  units  are  suitably  designed,  it  may  also  be  possible
to  supply  standby  power  to  all  the  wind  turbines.  The  power  units  regulate  the  grid  autonomously ­
  in  the  “isolated  operation”  mode.  Standby  power  operation  is  a  normal  mode  of  operation ­
  so  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  supply  safety-significant  devices  with  emergency  power.
State  of  Current  Scientific  and  Technical  Progress
The  state  of  current  scientific  and  technical  progress  is  the  stage  of  development  of  the  most
advanced  processes,  facilities,  and  operating  methods  that,  according  to  the  opinion  of  leading ­
  science  and  technology  experts,  and  on  the  basis  of  new,  scientifically  supportable
knowledge  with  regard  to  the  statutory  objective,  are  considered  as  being  necessary.
State  of  The  Art
The  state  of  the  art  is  the  stage  of  development  of  advanced  processes,  facilities,  or  operating
methods  whereby  the  practical  adequacy  of  a  measure  to  ensure  installation  safety  generally
appears  to  have  been  confirmed.
Static  Loads  or  Quasi-Static  Loads  on  the  Subsoil
These  result  from  impacts  which  principally  have  magnitudes  with  a  monotonic  structure  and
only  change  insignificantly  or  which  only  occur  rarely  (as  maximum  magnitude).
Status  Report
Report  concerning  the  condition  of  offshore  structures,  including  the  monitoring  report  from
the  periodic  inspections  of  the  offshore  structures.
Subsoil
System  composed  of  one  or  multiple  layers  of  soil  or  rock,  including  all  substances  (for  example ­
  ground  water  and  contaminations)  in  and  on  which  the  structures  are  or  are  to  be  founded ­
  or  embedded  and  which  will  be  influenced  by  the  construction  project  (DIN  4020).
Subsoil  Model
The  subsoil  model  is  the  simplified  geometrical  model  of  the  subsoil  conditions  at  the  location
of  a  structural  facility,  defined  as  a  geometrical  formation  of  homogeneous  areas  (layers)  for
which  uniform  characteristic  values  of  the  geotechnical  parameters  are  indicated  in  order  to
design  the  foundation  elements  of  the  structural  facility.
Substructure
Part  of  the  support  structure  above  the  foundation  elements  and  underneath  the  tower  (offshore ­
  wind  turbine)  or  the  top  deck  (offshore  substation),  please  refer  to  B1.1.
Suction  Bucket  Foundation
The  suction  bucket  foundation  was  developed  on  the  basis  of  the  suction  caisson  foundation
frequently  used  in  offshore  technology.  This  is  a  combination  of  pile  foundation  and  heavy
weight  foundation.