List  of  Figures

299

Figure  3-32:  Accumulated  areal  ice  volume  on  the  German  North  Sea  coast  in  the  winters ­
  of  2009/10  and  2010/11  131
Figure  3-33:  Ice  conditions  on  the  German  North  Sea  coast  in  the  winter  of  2010/11  at
the  time  of  maximum  ice  development.  132
Figure  3-34:  Distribution  of  accumulated  areal  ice  volume  on  the  German  North  Sea
coast  since  1897  133
Figure  3-35:  Seasonal  near-surface  and  -bottom  salinity  distributions  in  2008  136
Figure  3-36:  Salinity  stratification  in  summer  2008  (RVPelagia  293a)  137
Figure  3-37:  Seasonal  near-surface  and  -bottom  salinity  distributions  in  2009  138
Figure  3-38:  Salinity  stratification  in  summer  2009  (RV  Pelagia  311a)  139
Figure  3-39:  Seasonal  near-surface  and  -bottom  salinity  distributions  in  2010  140
Figure  3-40:  Salinity  stratification  in  summer  2010  (RV  Pelagia  323a)  141
Figure  3-41  :  Seasonal  near-surface  and  -bottom  salinity  distributions  in  2011  142
Figure  3-42:  Salinity  stratification  in  summer  2011  (RV  Celtic  Explorer  11010a)  143
Figure  3-43:  Total  salt  content  in  10 12 1  from  1999  to  2014.  Broken  line:  Mean  of  reference ­
  period  2000-2010  (1.134  ±0.018  x  10 12 t)  basing  on  summer  cruise  data.  ...  144
Figure  3-44:  Annual  runoff  of  Elbe  River  at  Neu-Darchau  weir  with  long-term  mean
(1971-2000)  and  95  %-limits.  1  km 3 /a  is  equivalent  to  31.7  m 3 /s.  (Raw  data  courtesy
WSA  Lauenburg.)  145
Figure  3-45:  Left:  Monthly  mean  and  maximum  runoff  of  Elbe  River  at  the  weir  Neu-Darchau
  with  1971-2000  base  period  monthly  means  and  95%-band  (climatology
±1.96  standard  deviations).  Right:  Seasonal  cycles  of  monthly  mean  SSS  at  Helgoland ­
  Roads  with  monthly  extremes,  1971-2000  base  period  monthly  means  and
95%-band  (climatology  ±1.96  standard  deviations)  146
Marine  Chemistry
Figure  4-1:  BSH-Observational  network  for  nutrient  and  contaminant  monitoring  in  the
German  Bight  and  North  Sea  154
Figure  4-2:  Geographical  distribution  of  salinity  during  November  cruise  2010  156
Figure  4-3:  Statistic  of  salinities  at  individual  stations  during  the  monitoring  cruises.  ..  157
Figure  4-4:  Salinity  concentrations  at  monitoring  stations  in  the  German  Bight  157
Figure  4-5:  Particulate  matter  concentrations  at  monitoring  stations  in  the  German
Bight.  159
Figure  4-6:  Eutrophication  status  in  the  German  Bight  and  the  German  exclusive  economic ­
  zone  under  OSPAR  COMPP.  PPG  -  Potential  Problem  Area,  PG  -  Problem  Area
(BROCKMANN  et  al.,  2007)  160
Figure  4-7:  Total  nitrogen  and  phosphorus  loads  of  Elbe.  The  data  are  based  on  measurements ­
  of  FGG  Elbe  161
Figure  4-8:  Silicate  load  of  Elbe.  The  data  are  based  on  measurements  of  FGG  Elbe.  .  162
Figure  4-9:  Temperatures  in  bottom  sea  water  of  the  German  Bight  in  February  2008,
January  2009,  2010  and  2011  163
Figure  4-10:  Geographical  distributions  of  salinity  in  bottom  sea  water  of  the  German
Bight  in  February  2008,  January  2009,  2010  and  2011  163